The method is applicable to products having esters contents in the range 0.005 % (m/m) to 0.15 % (m/m). The principle consists in the saponification of esters present in a test portion by boiling with excess standard volumetric sodium hydroxide solution; determination of the residual sodium hydroxide, and hence the amount used for saponification, by titration with standard volumetric hydrochloric acid solution in the presence of phenolphthalein as indicator. - International Standards ISO 1388/1 to ISO 1377/12 cancel and replace ISO Recommendation R 1388-1970 of which they constitute a technical revision. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the saponification value of animal and vegetable fats and oils. The saponification value is a measure of the free and esterified acids present in fats and fatty acids.The method is applicable to refined and crude vegetable and animal fats.If mineral acids are present, the results given by this method are not interpretable unless the mineral acids are determined separately. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

Describes a titrimetric method for determining the esterified-acid content in binders for paints and varnishes, free acids and acid anhydrides being necessarily included in the result obtained. Does not apply to those binders that show further reaction with alkalis beyond normal saponification. Replaces the second edition. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

Describes a method for the determination, by colour-indicator titration, of the amount of constituents in petroleum products that will saponify under the conditions of the test. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

This part of ISO 6293 specifies a method for the determination, by potentiometric titration, of the amount of constituents in petroleum products that will saponify under the conditions of the test. ISO 6293-1 specifies a determination by colour indicator titration.The method is applicable to materials having saponification numbers in the range 2 mg KOH/g to 200 mg KOH/g.Compounds of sulfur, phosphorus, halogens and some other compounds react with the alkali and acids under the test conditions. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

Webster's bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on "Saponification," including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Saponification in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Saponification when it is used in proper noun form. Webster's timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This "data dump" results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Saponification, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under "fair use" conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.

This digital document is an article from Polymer Engineering and Science, published by Thomson Gale on December 1, 2006. The length of the article is 3495 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: A novel superabsorbent composite from acrylamide (AM) and attapulgite (APT), polyacrylamide/attapulgite (PAM/APT), was prepared by polymerizing AM with the existence of APT in aqueous solution, and then saponified with NaOH solution. Considering the impacts of hydrophilic groups (-COONa, -COOH, and -CON[H.sub.2]) on properties of the PAM/APT composite, the effects of saponification mode, molar ratio of NaOH to AM and saponification time on water absorbency, hydrophilic group content, and surface morphology were investigated systematically. The results indicate that the two-step adding NaOH mode is superior to that of the one-step mode. Among the superabsorbent composite incorporated with 30 wt% APT, the composite saponified at 95[degrees]C for 2 h with the molar ratio of 0.6 for NaOH to AM acquired the highest water absorbencies of 1715g [g.sup.-1] and 87.8g [g.sup.-1] in distilled water and in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The molar ratio of various hydrophilic groups at this time was 10:3:11 for -COONa, -COOH, and -CON[H.sub.2] determined using linear potentiometric titration method. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:1762-1767, 2006. [c] 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers

Citation Details
Title: Superabsorbent composite. X. effects of saponification on properties of polyacrylamide/attapulgite.(Report)
Author: Junping Zhang
Publication: Polymer Engineering and Science (Magazine/Journal)
Date: December 1, 2006
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 46 Issue: 12 Page: 1762(6)

Article Type: Report

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